New In Box Garcia Mitchell 624 Price

Update MAPS CARTOGRAPHY GARMIN FIRMWARE AND THEN!

Audio Service Bologna

authorized service on GPS satellite navigation:
Kenwood / Garmin - Harman Kardon - Alpine - Clarion - Becker



Garmin GPS Map - Sales - Service

AVAILABLE NEW Update Map

NEW CARTOGRAPHY GARMIN ITALY / EUROPE / USA

AVAILABLE MAPS TOPOGRAPHICAL LAND NAVIGATOR ITALY

AVAILABLE MAPS PATHS EMILIA ROMAGNA TREKMAP

TUSCANY TREKMAP PATHS AVAILABLE MAPS AVAILABLE MAPS PATHS

LOMBARDY TREKMAP

perform updates maps and maps on GPS Software Garmin

Software - Mapping - Maps - POI - Charts - Blue chart

Then: speed cameras, fixed, mobile, ZTL, Photo Red, lanes, Dossi, Tutor, etc..

perform annual subscriptions POI Speed \u200b\u200b

If you turn your GPS on a notice that says that the map is being updated
you have difficulty or do not know how and to whom rivolgertiper to update the maps or other on your Garmin GPS

We are at your disposal we'll do what is necessary to ensure that all
to succeed.

U.S. A CALL FOR ANY INFO BOLOGNA

Tel 051/6152258 or write audiobo@tin.it
visit our website: www.audioservice-bologna.com

us from 30 years at your service
have all the maps and cartography:
Italy, Europe, America, Blue Chart, Trekmap Emilia Romagna, Tuscany, Lombardy
perform software / firmware updates for Custom POI
CAMPER - TRUCK - OUTDOOR etc.etc.

detailed topographic maps, Italian territory has no more secrets
FINALLY the trails!

Auto, motorcycle, bicycle, camper, flying, hiking, camping, mountain, hunting, fishing, searching for mushrooms / truffles, water sports, boating, sailing, mountain biking, off-road, enduro riding, paragliding and skydiving, caravan , outdoor, 4x4 models NUVI
also works on external SD !!!!!
perform shipping throughout Italy including the islands

What update your Garmin GPS?

Implement the changes made on the road network (eg change in unique ways, creating round etc...)

Add new points of interest (restaurants, hotels, ATM, etc. ..)

Increase coverage maps: mapping new locations, both in Italy and abroad, which previously were not present (eg, expansion to the East European road maps) Those who have maps of regions, eg. nuvi 200con only Italy, will at no additional cost, have the maps of all Europa.Disponiamo SD memory card on which you can download all new maps.


mentioned on the GPS

How does the GPS system

The spread of GPS navigation devices in the consumer sector has been very sudden, and in some ways, even surprising to unreachable devices fitted to the higher-end cars (I remember a friend of mine who five years ago with the navigator in the car posed as James Bond), have now invaded virtually everything: cars, mobile phones, palm, bicycles ... What seems to be a technology spatial and complicated, in practice it is easier than it seems, in this article we will explain how funziona.La "mapping" of the land is obtained through a constellation of satellites in circular orbit around the Earth at about 20,200 km in height; This constellation consists of 27 satellites, including 24 in stock and 3, arranged in six different orbital planes with a plane of inclination of 55 degrees, this system of orbits and inclinations This view shows the Earth's surface by at least four satellites simultaneously. These satellites have a rotation period of 12 hours, or "almost" 12 hours every day in fact lead of about four minutes, this difference, coupled with other considerations, call for ground control, which consists of four workstations arranged in the vicinity Equator: Ascension Island, Diego Garcia, Hawaii and on the atoll of Kwajalein, these locations support the satellite, correcting the atomic clocks.
The data collected are sent to the master station in Colorado Springs, where the data is analyzed to evaluate possible errors. The updated data is retransmitted to the satellite which, in turn, sends it various user receivers, allowing the precise identification of the same constellation.
The work bases on the ground is essential to the functionality of the satellite system, without it, the satellites would soon become unusable.
The constellation of satellites are the result of subsequent shipments, the first group of satellites (Block 1) was launched from California between 1978 and 1985 and there are no longer operational. In fact, in 1998 began the launch of the satellites of Block 2 of the Series II, HA and IIR. Very small size (less than 6 feet wide with solar panels fully extended and weighs about 1,500 kg), operating with solar energy and equipped with small self-propulsion for the correction of errors of course, have been launched by the so-called "rockets to lose"-type Delta. In reality it was intended that some were placed directly from Shuttle, but the program was suspended after the disastrous accident of the Challenger. Atomic clocks are mounted on four, two cesium and two rubidium, to ensure the most accurate and adequate redundancy. The future of the fleet in orbit of the constellation is expected in about eight years and between this year and next is to be sent into orbit a second block of satellites (IIF series), not just replacement of the existing features but with improved techniques (for example the implementation of a second frequency for civilian use and the use of hydrogen instead of those clocks Cesium / Rubidium). All satellites in the series II, as well as GPS functions, are equipped with sensors to detect nuclear explosions on the ground. The rate of displacement relative to the Earth's surface is about 3,000 km / h, while the relative orbit reaching 11,000 km / h.

How does the GPS system GPS operation is relatively simple. It is based in fact on the method of triangulation, a system used by navigators for centuries, the receiving system user receives pulses from the satellites of the GPS constellation through a system of equations, derives its position triangulating signals automatically, using essentially a method used by sailors in antiquity and even today by cartographers: using position detection of at least three fixed points (with known coordinates) is calculated by your location, date from the meeting of lines passing through those points. This first consideration is to be inferred, then, that is not the navigation device to the ground (at sea or in the sky) that communicates its position to the satellites, as you might imagine, in reality the reverse is true. The device is likely to continue to receive clear signals from the satellite and sends them in a way. The reception of signals from three different satellites provides a fairly accurate position, but not absolutely precise, and therefore both should receive the impulse from a fourth satellite to obtain the greatest precision possible, we will soon see why. Each satellite in the constellation generates a signal containing three pieces of information: their identification, the position is located in the orbit and a time signal whose precision is guaranteed by the atomic mounted on board. Through this information, the receiving device is able to know the exact distance from the satellite, using one of Newton's laws (distance = rate x time) and then multiplying the travel time of the signal for the speed of light (about 300,000 km per second ). Clearly, however, the receiver can be on any one point of a hypothetical sphere whose radius is the distance from the receiver / satellite. Receiving a second signal, similar to the first, a second satellite will generate a second ball s'intersecherà with the first generating an ellipse in two points by which you will find the point sought. Just then receive the signal from a third satellite to limit the possibilities to two points very close (one of which will be automatically deleted due to mathematical considerations and kinematic) and then obtain the correct position of the apparatus ricevente.I essential problems in this Point two: calculate with precision the travel time del segnale e potere garantire la massima sincronizzazione degli orologi (quello sul satellite e quello dell'apparato di ricezione). Il sistema di codici utilizzato per ottenere la massima precisione del tempo di percorrenza è di tipo "pseudocasuale". S'intende con questo termine un sistema di codici estremamente complesso, tale da apparire pressoché casuale. In realtà si tratta di un codice ripetuto mille volte al secondo. La lettura del codice generato dal satellite e di quello generato localmente dal dispositivo ricevente (teoricamente nello stesso istante) e il loro confronto causano una discrepanza e quindi una grandezza misurabile che fornisce il valore della distanza. Il satellite emette il proprio segnale, e invia il proprio codice, su due portanti: L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.60 MHz). The first carrier travels a code called C / A (Coarse Acquisition or coarse acquisition), repeated every 1023 bits, and occupies a bandwidth of 1 MHz C / A coarse defines an acquisition as the displacement of a microsecond (equivalent a little less than one cycle), multiplied by the enormous distance, it can generate errors of up to 300 meters. The second P-code (Precise) is modulated at 10 MHz, then at a rate ten times per second maggiore.Questo is the code which, combined with the first, ensure the required accuracy. The P code is also what the American administration has reserved the power to break down in cases of absolute necessity and threat national security (as happened in the hours following the attacks on the Twin Towers' s September 11, 2001). Fixed issue of codes the issue is due to a problem of precision clocks. The four mounted on the satellite, are accurate to the millionth of a second, but not as precise as can be mounted on the device receiver (the cost and size would be prohibitive). Comes into play then the signal received from the fourth satellite. Assuming that all the devices (space-to-ground) are perfectly synchronized, the triangulation of four signals that intersect should give the accurate indication of a point. Since this does not happen in reality, it must be assumed as the only source of error, the receiving device. Arguing on the contrary it is possible to calculate adjustments can return the intersection of the signals to a single point, and based on these values \u200b\u200band recalculate the coordinates of the position. But the problems are not over, and still some variables to be calculated.
Because Earth's gravitational field and the lunar and solar radiation, the orbits of satellites suffer deviations that should be corrected with the support of terrestrial stations mentioned before, also when they pass through the ionosphere and the troposphere signals, because of electrically charged particles that interfere with electromagnetic waves, which must be compensated falter. To resolve this problem uses the method of comparison between the two carriers (LI and L2), that are slowed down by the particles in different ways: by comparing the delays, it is possible to calculate the effects of the atmosphere on the signal. Last but not least, is the so-called "multipath", the signal reflections caused by the presence of obstacles on the ground, and the Doppler effect caused by the movement of re-ceiver. These potential sources of numerical errors are corrected by processing the signals directly from the receiving devices. How does the receiver? The moment you turn on your receiver, it listens to the signal from the satellites "visible" from given position. If the receiver is turned on after a long time since last use, it is called "cold start" (cold start). In this case, the receiver must create an "almanac" of the alleged location of at least one satellite and receive a time signal precise enough to infer that the position of other satellites in the constellation. At this point, if the reception conditions are favorable, the satellite is able to create the "Ephemeris", or the precise positioning of the other three satellites that are needed to calculate the position (fix), and can start browsing. The time to perform these calculations and make the fix is \u200b\u200bdefined by the acronym TTFF (Time To First Fix) and usually wanders around a minute, they are not too many obstacles and the receiver is not moving. In the case of a restart of the device after a short time since the last shutdown, it speaks of "warm start" (warm start). In this case, the TTFF drops drastically at times ranging from ten to twenty seconds, this is because the ephemeris and almanac recorded in the previous session can still be deemed valid and so many operations must not be repeated. The number and location of the satellites visible to the device of course affect the operations described above. A provision that sees too many satellites aligned or in a group is less effective than one that see fewer satellites but well spaced. The devices on the market are able to "listen" to a variable number of channels between 12 and 16 (practically no device can display 24), effective for the determination of the position the device must be able to make choices between the selective various signals selecting the best and better distributed.
Copyright © 1996 [Audio Service snc] All rights reserved. Last updated: 22/06/2009. www.audioservice-bologna.com